El estrés oxidativo y la inflamación son dos procesos relacionados y comunes a muchas enfermedades. La curcumina es un compuesto natural con propiedades antioxidantes y anti-inflamatorias, entre otras, que se está utilizando recientemente como un producto natural alternativo a los medicamentos tradicionales. Sin embargo, su naturaleza hidrófoba compromete su solubilidad en fluidos fisiológicos y su tiempo de circulación y también presenta problemas de citotoxicidad en su forma libre, limitando el rango de concentraciones a utilizar. Para superar estos inconvenientes y aprovechar los beneficios de la nanotecnología, el objetivo de este trabajo es el desarrollo de nanopartículas poliméricas cargadas con curcumina que puedan proporcionar una liberación controlada del fármaco para su aplicación en el tratamiento de enfermedades relacionadas con el estrés oxidativo y la inflamación. Específicamente, el vehículo es un terpolímero bioactivo basado en un metacrilato del α-tocoferol, 1-vinil-2-pirrolidona y N-vinilcaprolactama. Las nanopartículas se obtuvieron por nanoprecipitación y se caracterizaron en términos de tamaño, morfología, estabilidad, eficiencia de encapsulación y liberación del fármaco. Se realizaron ensayos celulares in vitro en condrocitos articulares humanos y macrófagos RAW 264.7 de ratón, para evaluar la citotoxicidad, la internalización celular y las propiedades antioxidantes y anti-inflamatorias de las nanopartículas. La actividad captadora de radicales de los sistemas se confirmó mediante el ensayo DPPH y la cuantificación de las especies reactivas de oxígeno celulares. El potencial anti-inflamatorio de estos sistemas se demostró mediante la reducción de diferentes factores pro-inflamatorios como las quimioquinas IL-8, MCP y MIP en condrocitos; y el óxido nítrico, IL-6, TNF-α y MCP-1, entre otros, en RAW 264.7. Finalmente, se confirmó la biocompatibilidad in vivo en un modelo de rata inyectando subcutáneamente las nanopartículas. La reducción de la toxicidad de la curcumina libre y las propiedades antioxidantes, antiinflamatorias y de biocompatibilidad abren la puerta a una investigación in vitro e in vivo más profunda sobre estas nanopartículas poliméricas cargadas con curcumina para tratar enfermedades basadas en el estrés oxidativo y la inflamación.
3729048
{3729048:NSAC8C5G}
nature
50
1
1
title
815
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Pontes-Quero, G. M., Benito-Garzón, L., Pérez Cano, J., Aguilar, M. R. & Vázquez-Lasa, B.
Amphiphilic polymeric nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin: Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and biocompatibility studies.
Materials Science and Engineering: C 121, 111793 (2021).
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