La estructura cráneo-maxilofacial es una región de particular interés en el campo de la medicina regenerativa, tanto por su complejidad anatómica como por las numerosas afecciones que puede llegar a presentar. De hecho, es esta complejidad anatómica la que hace posible la coexistencia de variados ecosistemas microbianos en la cavidad oral y en la región maxilofacial, lo que contribuye a un mayor riesgo de sufrir infecciones bacterianas. En este sentido, se vienen utilizando diferentes materiales para su aplicación en este campo. Estos materiales se pueden extraer a partir de fuentes naturales renovables o de rutas sintéticas para dotarlos de unas propiedades mecánicas concretas, biocompatibilidad o actividad antimicrobiana. De este modo, en esta revisión bibliográfica, nos hemos centrado en los polímeros bio-basados que, por su propia naturaleza, por modificaciones químicas de su estructura, o por su combinación con otros elementos, aportan tanto una actividad antibacteriana significativa como las condiciones idóneas para la regeneración del tejido cráneo-maxilofacial. Este acercamiento nunca había sido cubierto, por lo que hemos dispuesto el contenido del artículo atendiendo al material resultante y a su correspondiente aplicación. De este modo, en el artículo se abarcan membranas de regeneración ósea guiada, cementos óseos y dispositivos y andamios para regeneración de los tejidos maxilofaciales blandos y duros, incluyendo andamios híbridos, implantes dentales, hidrogeles y composites.
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